林種玉 傅錦坤 楊茹 古萍英
摘要 用傅里葉變換紅外光譜研究了室溫下聚酰胺/硅膠吸附劑(pa/sio2)對茶葉中茶多酚的分離提取原理.紅外光譜表明,pa/sio2中pa分子的酰胺基是通過氫鍵吸附茶多酚分子的活性基團(tuán),而酰胺基對咖啡因分子沒有吸附作用.pa/sio2中sio2表面羥基oh是吸附咖啡因及茶多酚分子的活性基團(tuán).由于氫鍵的作用,茶多酚和咖啡因分子之間也能相互吸附.pa/sio2對氨基酸類物質(zhì)不起吸附作用,因而容易將其分離.
關(guān)鍵詞 茶多酚,提取,紅外光譜,咖啡因,聚酰胺,硅膠
中國圖書分類號 o 657.33 q 949.758.4
ir absorption spectra of tea polyphenol extracted by pa/sio2
lin zhongyu fu jinkun yang ru gu pingying
(state key lab. for phys. chem. of solid surf., inst. of phys. chem.,
dept. of chem., xiamen univ., xiamen 361005)
abstract the principle of tea polyphenol extracted by polyamide on silica adsorbent (pa/sio2) at room temperature was studied with ftir spectroscopy. the obtained ir spectra showed that the amide group conh- of the pa molecule of pa/sio2 adsorbed the active group of tea polyphenol molecule through hydrogen bonding and did not adsorb the caffeine molecule. the surface hydroxyl group on the sio2 of pa/sio2 was the reactive group which adsorbed caffeine and tea polyphend molecules, and the tea polyphenol and caffeine molecules can also adsorb each othe via hydrogen-bonding. substances like amino acids were not adsorbed by pa/sio2 and thus easily separated.
key words tea polyphenol, extraction, ir spectra, caffeine, polyamide, silica
茶葉中含有茶多酚、咖啡因及多種氨基酸等生物活性物質(zhì)[1],其中茶多酚含量約占茶葉干重的22%.茶多酚是天然抗氧化劑,具有很強(qiáng)的清除自由基作用以及抑制癌變、脂質(zhì)過氧化、抗衰老、抗輻射等多種生理功能[2].有關(guān)茶葉中茶多酚的分離提取研究國內(nèi)外已有大量的文獻(xiàn)報道[3~5].在這些研究基礎(chǔ)上,我們開發(fā)研制了一種提取茶葉中茶多酚的pa/sio2吸附劑[6],茶多酚提取率高于90%,純度可達(dá)80%~90%;工藝簡單,吸附劑可反復(fù)使用,且無污染環(huán)境問題,具有應(yīng)用前景.本文用紅外、紫外可見光譜研究了室溫下該吸附劑與茶多酚、咖啡因和氨基酸(l_胱氨酸)之間的相互作用本質(zhì).
1 實 驗
1.1 試 劑
聚酰胺(尼龍-66,顆粒狀,上海樹脂廠)、擴(kuò)孔硅膠(30~40目,r=12 nm,青島化工廠)、茶多酚(自制品,純度90.2%)、咖啡因、l-胱氨酸均為生化試劑.
1.2 pa/sio2吸附劑制備
具體步驟同文獻(xiàn)[6].
1.3 紅外光譜測定
樣品制備:室溫下用1~2 gpa/sio2分別置于茶多酚、咖啡因、氨基酸的水溶液中,攪拌30 min,過濾;已吸附茶多酚、咖啡因等物質(zhì)的pa/sio2試樣在80 ℃下抽真空干燥24 h,然后分別將其與干燥的kbr粉末混合(約1∶20)、研磨、壓片(厚0.2 mm).
儀器條件:nic 740 ftir光譜儀、mct-b檢測器.分辨率4 cm-1,增益1,掃描次數(shù)32,平滑參數(shù)11,平滑次數(shù)1.kbr片(厚0.2 mm,增益1,掃描次數(shù)32)作參比.
1.4 紫外可見光譜測定
配制一組茶多酚和咖啡因含量分別為9.6%和2.4%的水溶液.各取5 ml流經(jīng)不同pa負(fù)載量的pa/sio2吸附劑[6].用氯仿萃取流出液中的咖啡