紫外熒光蛋白u(yù)v proteins
proteinexcitation wavelengthemission wavelength
sirius 355 424
sandercyanin 375 630
shbfp-n158s/l173i 375 458
藍(lán)色熒光蛋白blue proteins
proteinexcitation wavelengthemission wavelength
azurite 383 450
ebfp2 383 448
mkalama1 385 456
mtagbfp2 399 454
tagbfp 402 457
shbfp 401 458
青色熒光蛋白cyan proteins
proteinexcitation wavelengthemission wavelength
ecfp 433 475
cerulean 433 475
mcerulean3 433 475
scfp3a 433 474
cypet 435 477
mturquoise 434 474
mturquoise2 434 474
tagcfp 458 480
mtfp1 462 492
monomeric midoriishi-cyan 470 496
aquamarine 430 474
綠色熒光蛋白green proteins
proteinexcitation wavelengthemission wavelength
turbogfp 482 502
taggfp2 483 506
mukg 483 499
superfolder gfp 485 510
emerald 487 509
egfp 488 507
monomeric azami green 492 505
mwasabi 493 509
clover 505 515
mneongreen 506 517
nowgfp 494 502
mclover3 506 518
黃色熒光蛋白yellow proteins
proteinexcitation wavelengthemission wavelength
tagyfp 508 524
eyfp 513 527
topaz 514 527
venus 515 528
syfp2 515 527
citrine 516 529
ypet 517 530
lanrfp-δs83 521 592
mpapaya1 530 541
mcyrfp1 528 594
桔色熒光蛋白o(hù)range proteins
proteinexcitation wavelengthemission wavelength
monomeric kusabira-orange 548 559
morange 548 562
morange2 549 565
mkoκ 551 563
mko2 551 565
紅色熒光蛋白red proteins
proteinexcitation wavelengthemission wavelength
tagrfp 555 584
tagrfp-t 555 584
rrvt 556 583
mruby 558 605
mruby2 559 600
mtangerine 568 585
mapple 568 592
mstrawberry 574 596
fusionred 580 608
mcherry 587 610
mnectarine 558 578
mruby3 558 592
mscarlet 569 594
mscarlet-i 569 593
遠(yuǎn)紅熒光蛋白far red proteins
proteinexcitation wavelengthemission wavelength
mkate2 588 633
hcred-tandem 590 637
mplum 590 649
mraspberry 598 625
mneptune 600 650
nirfp 605 670
tagrfp657 611 657
tagrfp675 598 675
mcardinal 604 659
mstable 597 633
mmaroon1 609 657
mgarnet2 598 671
近紅熒光蛋白near ir proteins
proteinexcitation wavelengthemission wavelength
ifp1.4 684 708
irfp713 (irfp) 690 713
irfp670 643 670
irfp682 663 682
irfp702 673 702
irfp720 702 720
ifp2.0 690 711
mifp 683 704
tdsmurfp 642 670
mirfp670 642 670
sapphire-type proteins
proteinexcitation wavelengthemission wavelength
sapphire 399 511
t-sapphire 399 511
mametrine 406 526
red fluorescent proteinsred fluorescent proteins (rfp) can be imaged on existing confocal or widefield microscopes, and they also have more penetrating power. the excitation and emission maxima of rfp are 558nm and 583 nm, respectively.
the use of rfp, however, has been hampered with several issues. rfp is an obligate tetramer - thus, it forms large aggregates inside cells. this makes the use to rfp to report the location of a protein severely limited.
although gfp can successfully fuse with several hundreds of proteins, rfp-conjugated proteins are often toxic. some variants of rfp have overcome these limitations. for example,dsred2 fluorescent protein does not form aggregates and has reduced toxicity, while another variant of rfp (known as redstar) has increased brightness and maturation rate.